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Ballet techniques are generally grouped by the area in which
they originated, such as Russian ballet, French ballet, Italian
ballet, and American ballet.
Ballet, especially classical ballet, puts great emphasis on
the method and execution of movement. Young dancers receive
a rigorous education in their school's method of dance, which
begins when they are young and ends with graduation from high
school. Students are required to learn the names, meanings,
and precise technique of each movement they learn. Emphasis
is put on building strength in the legs and upper body, and
on developing flexibility.
Some methods use Ballet Examinations,
to grade students on their dance technique. Sometimes, students
take written tests on the theory taught in class. Ballet makes
use of the body and its unique composure, mixed motion with
earthbound performers.
For example, during the grand
jete, the dancer may appear to hover. Physically, his/her
center of mass describes a parabola, as does a ball, when
thrown. However, advantage is taken of the limitation in the
human ability to calculate center of mass when a projectile
changes its configuration in flight. When leaping, the dancer
extends the arms and legs and lowers the head. The manoeuvre
camouflages the fall and leads the audience to perceive the
dancer is floating.
A Pas de Chat (step of the cat)
is a movement in ballet which, when performed correctly, the
dancer must stay in the air for as long as possible with both
feet and arms off the ground. This movement gives the illusion
that the dancer is floating.Specific methods are named after
the ballet master or mistress who originated them, such as
the Vaganova method after Agrippina Vaganova, the Balanchine
method after George Balanchine, and the Cecchetti method after
Enrico Cecchetti.
Depending on where the
dancer places his or her arms and legs, the dancer can make
them look longer or shorter depending on their preference.
By placing them farther behind the body it creates the illusion
of shorter arms or legs, and by moving them forward, longer. |